• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This invention relates to the field of metallurgy, to methods of direct reduction of iron oxides containing materials by reducing gas obtained in a smelting gasifier. The purpose of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the method. The method is carried out by directly supplying dispersed additives and sulfur acceptors to the fluidized bed and recirculated top gas with 15-30% carbon dioxide and a temperature of 80-800 C. The temperature of the layer is maintained from the slag melting temperature, while the fine coal fraction is mixed with the trapped dust and serve over the molten slag. The use of the invention increases the efficiency of the process. 7 hp f-ly, 1 ill. I (U)
    公开号:SU1438614A3
    申请号:SU853938081
    申请日:1985-08-15
    公开日:1988-11-15
    发明作者:Шнайдер Херманн；Милионис Константин；Пуш Херман
    申请人:Фоест-Альпине Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to a method for directly reducing iron oxide-containing materials with a reducing gas obtained in a melter gasifier.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process.
    The drawing shows the setup diagram that implements the proposed method,
    Into the upper part of the gas generator 1, supply lines for coarse coal and for additives exit. The coal of the collar 2 from the collector 2 with the aid of the screw conveyor 3, the additives 4 are fed from the collector 5 through the screw conveyor 6 to the generator 1.
    The oxygen-containing gas is fed to the lower part of the generator through pipe 7 and finely ground sulfuric acid acceptors are blown with the supplied gas from storage tank 8 through storage outlets 9j 10 and 11 into the lower and upper parts of the generator 1, In generator 1, due to the appropriate speed m of the flow of injected gases support the fluidized bed of coal. The temperature of the fluidized bed is kept within the range of up to the melting point of slag, where the non-gasified parts of the ash coal are obtained in a fusible state, and acidic compounds, such as calcium sulfide, are transferred to slag
    The liquid slag is collected in the lower part of the generator 1 to form the slag bath 12 and is periodically discharged through the opening 13 for slag production. The generated generating gas leaves the top of generator 1 through line 14 and is cooled in refrigerator 15 indirectly by heat exchange with water to a temperature below the solidification point of the slag. The generating gas is then sent to a 16 poultry trap unit, which may be a cyclone.
    The gas, purified from particles of solid matter, is supplied through pipeline 17 to the shaft furnace 18 for direct reduction. Before installing 16 it is possible to draw 1 and after it, it is possible to add some amount of dust-free and compressed recovered gas from the shaft furnace 18 to the generator gas to bring the temperature i; CO / CO 2 ratios in the reducing gas to the required values. Since the flue gas, along with CO2, contains water, it is added to the generating gas only after passing through the chiller 19. A relatively cold flue gas with a water content of preferably less than 1% goes through conduit 20 after installing the dedusting 6 into conduit 17, if the supply cold flue gas is produced before installing the dust collection unit 16 into the pipe 14, then, although it is possible to keep the temperature in the dust collecting unit 16 lower, the poultry capture unit 16 should be calculated for shey gas throughput capability.
    In the shaft furnace 18 is loaded on top containing iron oxide material
    21, which, in countercurrent, comes into contact with a hot, dust-free reducing gas and turns into a highly metalized product.
    22. The formed product 22 is discharged from the shaft furnace 8 in a cold state with a temperature of about 50 ° C or in a hot state with a temperature of about 700-800 ° C. After removal of the coal dust, the hot product discharged with the help of augers can be briquetted.
    Partially oxidized reducing 1 az at the top leaves out of the shaft furnace 18 through pipe 23 and enters wet dedusting unit 24, which is supplied with hot water 25 from refrigerator 15. As a result, a certain moisture content is provided in the upper gas layer, which is necessary as temperature control. and to save oxygen in generator 1, as well as to increase the hydrogen content in the generator gas.
    The flue gas reaches a temperature of about 50-75 ° C with wet dedusting and collects in line 26. After drying, the precipitated residue 27 can be reloaded into the mine, furnace 8. Part of the cleaned from dust saturated with water vapor and the cooled upper gas layer through the compressor 28 through the heater 29 and the pipeline 30 (suitable with multiple outputs at different heights) are returned for recycling from the side through the generator wall
    1 in the region of the fluidized bed. Further addition of steam from an external source of steam turns out to be unnecessary. Carbon dioxide contained in the upper gas layer is again converted to carbon monoxide in the generator 1 acting as a gasification furnace for the reforming. Return to repeated
    The recycling of blast furnace gas at a time of supplying a smaller amount of acidic parts of the generator 1 increases the degree of conversion of the injected coal and results in low loss of drills.
    If part of the flue gas returned for recycling needs to be preheated to the preferred temperature of 500 to 700 s, then this heating should be carried out in the heater 29 by burning the second part of the cleared flue gas from the exhaust pipe 31 with oxygen-containing gas, such as air.
    Ostacladium flue gas is removed from unit 32 to reduce the amount of inert gases.
    The solid particles 33 precipitated from the generator gas in the dust collection unit 16 after passing through the sluice system can be conveniently mixed with pulverized coal 35 in the cooling auger 34 and simultaneously cooled to a temperature of about. Mixture 36 is recycled to the downstream region of the gene-tion of CO to CO, in a reducing gas.
    A part of the upper gas layer discharged from the compressor 28 is diverted to the pipeline 37 and further compressed in the compressor 38. Additionally, the upper gas is squeezed and sent together with the mixture 36 to the suspension tank 39 and the solid in suspension formed there. gas is blown through line 40 slightly above the level of slag bath 12 into the lower region of the gas generator 1. It is most advisable to place the pipe outlets for oxygen-containing gas 7 and for the possibility of recovering the supplied In the mine, a direct reduction furnace containing iron oxide material, lump ore, pellets or
    40 of the sintered material and the ability to control the carbon content of the newly formed iron. At the same time, top gas, especially with a water content of less than 1%, is added to the generating gas.
    The highly metallized product obtained according to the proposed method with a metallization degree of 90 — sulfur-9 receptors and pipeline 40 over go 98% contains sulfur 0.03–0.05%, carbon surface of the slag bath, Quantity 1.0–3.0%. It can be used as a source of coal feed, and is favored as a starting material for this type of pulverized coal supply.
    The generator gas leaves the generator with a minimum temperature
    55
    in - electric arc or in plasma furnaces.
    It is advisable to heat the flue gas that has been previously recycled for repeated non-processing before it enters the gas generator by burning another part of the dust-free upper
    950 C, it contains sulfur less than 50 ppm, the degree of reduction is 15-30.
    Water returned to the recycled flue gas from the direct reduction shaft furnace contains water and CO2, carbon dioxide in the gas generator is partially converted to carbon monoxide, the water content leads to an increase in the amount of hydrogen in the generator gas and
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    It is advisable to inject the fraction of coal used to form the generator gas with a grain size from 3 to 25 mm through the upper part of the gas generator. Due to the high temperature in the gas generator spontaneous disintegration of lumpy particles of coal occurs. The grain size of the resulting coal particles allows their penetration into the fluidized bed of coal.
    An effective embodiment of the method is to supply a portion of the dust-free and compressed blast furnace gas, after passing through a refrigeration dryer, into the generator gas to control the ratio of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and the temperature of the reducing gas produced in the range from 750 to, this reducing gas is directed to shaft recovery furnace.
    Temperature regulation and the possibility of reducing the direct reduction of iron oxide containing material, lump ore, granules or
    sintered material and the ability to control the carbon content in the newly formed iron. At the same time, top gas, especially with a water content of less than 1%, is added to the generator gas.
    The highly metallized product obtained according to the proposed method with a metallization degree of 90–98% contains sulfur of 0.03–0.05%, carbon content is 1.0–3.0%. It can be used as a starting material.
    in - electric arc or in plasma furnaces.
    It is advisable to heat the flue gas that has been previously recycled for repeated non-processing before it enters the gas generator by burning another part of the dust-free upper
    five
    gas layer (preferably up to 500 -.
    It is also possible to submit the cleaned for dust and compressed part of the flue gas returned for recycling without preheating to the gas generator. In this case, the temperature of the flue gas, which depends on the degree of compression, is about 80-200 ° C. The pressure in the gas generator is set in the range of 2.5 - 5.5 bar. In a shaft furnace, a pressure of 2-5 bar prevails, and the pressure in the machine should be higher than in a shaft furnace, at least 0.3 bar,
    It is convenient to return 30 - 50% of the total blast-off gas to the gas generator for recycling.
    Sulfur acceptors and, if necessary, other additives can be fed to the gas generator simultaneously in several places. Places filed may be located at the top or at the bottom of the gas generator.
    The method makes it possible to reduce the sulfur content in the product to 0.03-0.05% and also to increase efficiency by increasing the temperature during gasification.



    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. A method of direct reduction of iron oxides, including gasification of coal in the fluidized bed of a gas generator with oxygen and steam with the addition of sulfur receptors, the supply of the produced gas to the shaft furnace, recirculation of top gas, dedusting, dehydration and adding it to gas, recovered in the gas generator, returned 1; een the pulverized mixture mixed with coal in no s-. 45 research institutes of a gasifier in an fluidized bed, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency
    process, sulfur acceptors and dispersed additives are fed into a boiling bed separately from coal in a propellant or countercurrent, and recirculated top gas with a CO concentration of 13–30% and a temperature of 80–800 ° C is fed to the boiling bed laterally through the gas generator wall, the temperature of the fluidized bed is maintained within the range from 50 ° C to the slag melting temperature, and the slag is removed near the base of the generator; in addition, the dust from the gas generator is shifted with coal grains up to 3 mm and returned back to the lower part above the slag bath surface,
    [2]
    2, a method according to claim, characterized in that a coal fraction of 325 mm is introduced through the top of the generator.
    [3]
    3, the method of claim 1, wherein 30-50% by volume of the dust-free and compressed blast furnace gas is added to the gas-generating gas after cooling.
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    [4]
    4. Method POP1, characterized in that the added recycle gas is fed to 500-700 ° C before being fed into the gas generator by burning a part of the purified recirculated top gas.
    [5]
    5. The method according to claim 1, t 1}. This is because the added recycle gas contains less than 1% moisture.
    [6]
    6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur acceptor is supplied to the gas generator at the same time in several places.
    [7]
    7. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulverizer from the gas generator is cooled before being returned to the fluidized bed.
    [8]
    8. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulverizer together with pulverized coal is injected into the gas generator with flue gas.
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    同族专利:
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